Encyclopedia of sacred theology - pagina 213

;

Chap. IV]

one

is

OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY

189

well and feels no indisposition, he does not inquire and the action of the organs in his body

into the location

and only when one

feels

pain and becomes

ill does the painsAlike observation applies If there were no evil in the world

taking care for the body begin. to the juridical faculty.

there

would be no public authority, and

sake of evil that the authority

it

is

only for the

instituted, that the judge

is

pronounces judgment, and that the making of laws is demanded. Not for the sake of the study of law as such, but for the sake of rendering a well-ordered human intercourse possible

in

the

jurisprudence undertake

midst of a sinful society,

work

did

and the juridical faculty came into being for the education of men who, as statesmen and judges, are leaders of public life. This also applies to the theological faculty, though not in so absolute a sense. Because it was found that salvation for the sinner, and a its

;

spiritual safeguard against the fatal effects of wickedness,

were indispensable, both law and gospel were demanded. The purpose was medical^ but in the Theological faculty it was psychic, as it was somatic in the so-called Medical faculty. For though it must be acknowledged that originally the aim of the Theological faculty was not exclusively soteriological, but that on the contrary it also tried to foster thetically the knowledge of God, yet the call for an educated clergy, and the concomitant prosperity of this facult}^ are due in the first place to the fact that men were needed everywhere who would be able to act as physicians against sin and its results. Hence it is actually the struggle ao-ainst evil in the body, in society, and in the soul which has created the impulse for these three groups of sciences, the need of men to combat this evil, and consequently the necessity for the rise of these three faculties. All three bear orio-i-

nally a militant character.

This cannot be said of the Artistic, nor of the faculties of Literature and Natural Philosophy

which

at a later period were formed from their circle. In the case of these studies positive knowledge was much more

the immediate object in view, even though it must be granted that this knowledge was pursued only rarely for its own sake,

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