Encyclopedia of sacred theology - pagina 41

Chap.

II]

§ 9.

the sciences

DEVELOPMENT OF THE ORGANIC IDEA when

in

liis

17

JEruditio didascalia he gives us a

which he endeavors to show quomodo unaquaeque disciplina contineat aliam et ah alia conBut even his systematic talent did not reach far. tineatur. desci'iptio et partitio artium, in

He

divides the disciplinae into three groups: (1) the theorica (to wit: theology, physics and mathe-

contra ignorantiam

matics);

(2) the practica

contra

vitium

(to

wit:

ethics,

oeconomics and politics); and (3) the mechanica contra infirmitatem (to wit: mechanica, to which the trivium is added). Vincent followed chiefly the division of Hugo, which (with the exception of the change of mechanica into poetica) held

ground till the seventeenth century, but he gave it a more enduring phase by the division of his giant work into speculum historiale, naturale and doctrinale, to which was added at a later date a speculum morale by one of his followers. The mutual relation of the sciences is grasped somewhat its

more firmly already by Bonaventura (f 1274) and by Thomas Aquinas (11274). Excellent suggestions are given by Louis de Vives (fl540) in his XX books de caus. corrupt, art. de trad, discipl.

de ortihus

et

for the first time as organic

who

in Ins

work de

;

but this relation was grasped

by Bacon

of

Verulam (fl626),

dignitate et augmentis scientiarum

(Lond.

1624), and more yet in his organon scientiarum (1620), divided the sciences organically, i.e. after a principle derived from those sciences themselves.

could follow only

when

The development

of this idea

the task of collecting the contents

ready knowledge gave place to reflection on the relations had been collected. No doubt, only those who have never looked into Alstedt's Encyclopedia can dispute the of

of Avhat

fact that this gigantic systematician

had the systematizing but the material to be collected began to be too extensive for the handling of it all and the deeper study of its relations to lie within the reach of a single scholar. talent

;

§ 9,

Development of

the

Organic Idea

Since from the days of Plato the human mind has been dimly conscious of the fact that the several parts of our knowledge form one body (o-w/^a); since it has been sought

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