Calvinism a life-system - pagina 171

CALVINISM AND SCIENCE,

Now

ciple.

Calvin ception

we should

abstain from

in

universities

The

in so far

America.

in

State

ages.

those days.

and

free corporations,

of the

any wrong con-

middle

the

in

were not known

were

of most

to understand the position

fully

of university-life

universities sities

order

in

took,

16/

univer-

prototypes It

was the

opinion in those days, that science called into

general

commonwealth of upon its own spiritual

existence a respiiblica litteraricm, "a learne'd

men", which has to

capital

or

to

of lack

die

live

of talent and energy.

encroachment upon the liberty of science

in those

The days

came not from the State but from an entirely different For ages two dominant powers, only, had

quarter.

been known

in

the

of mankind, the CliiLvch and

life

The dichotomy of body and soul was reflected view of life. The Church was the sojtl, the

the State. in

this

power was unknown.

State the body\ a third

was centralized

life

in the Pope, while the political Hfe

of the nations found

and a

higher

struggle

the

unity,

point of union in ih^ Emperor,

papal

tiara,

as

that kindled

the supremacy

for

Hohenstaufen science

its

was the endeavor to resolve

it

a

had pushed

seen

as

in

third

this

dualism into

the flames 'of the fierce

of the imperial crown or the conflict between the

and the Guelphs.

itself

Church-

Since then, however,

power, thanks to the Renaissance, in

between them.

Before the thir-

teenth century elapsed Science had found in the rising university-life

an embodiment of

its

own, and claimed

-an existence independent of pope and emperor.

The only remaining power

also

question was, whether this

was to create an hierarchical

new

centre, in order

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