Calvinism - pagina 171

AND

CxVLVINISM

Now

ciple.

Calvin

took,

ception

of

abstain from

and

universities

The

in so far

America.

in

State

ages.

in those days.

free corporations,

of the

6/

any wrong con-

middle

the

in

were not known

were

of most

we should

1

to understand the position

fully

university-life

universities sities

order

in

SCIENCE.

univer-

prototypes It

was the

opinion in those days, that science called into

general

commonwealth of upon its own spiritual

existence a 7'esp2ihlica lilterariwt, "a

learned men", which has to live

or

capital

to

of lack

die

The

of talent and energy.

encroachment upon the liberty of science

came not from the State but from an

in those

days

entirely different

For ages two dominant powers, only, had

quarter.

been known

in

the

of mankind, the Church and

life

The dichotomy of body and soul was reflected view of life. The Church was the soul, the

the State. in

this

power was unknown.

State the hody\ a third

was centralized

life

of the nations

and a

struggle

unity,

its

tiara,

Hohenstaufen as

that kindled

a

had pushed

seen

as

in

itself

this

dualism into

the flames of the fierce

of the imperial crown or the conflict between the

and the Guelphs. third

life

point of union in the Emperor,

the supremacy

for

papal

science

found

Pope, while the political

was the endeavor to resolve

it

higher

the

in the

Church-

Since then, however,

power, thanks to the Renaissance^ in

between them.

Before the thir-

teenth century elapsed Science had found in the rising university-life

an embodiment of

its

own, and claimed

an existence independent of pope and emperor.

The only remaining power

also

question was, whether this

was to create an hierarchical

new

centre, in order

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