The South-African crisis - pagina 52

48

THE SOUTfl-APBICAN

to think of a

government which

CRISIS.

insists

upon hastening

on facihties for naturalising elsewhere its own subjects? It is as if a mother wishing to get rid of her own children,

tried

Then government for adopter.

subjects

to it

force is

some

clear

of

them on

to

an

that every action of any

forcing another State to naturalise its either against nature or against sense.

is

VIII.

We

now to consider the suzerainty question. may l)e either organic or mechanical. Organic

have

Suzerainty suzerainty

such as existed under Feudalism a mechansuzerainty is an affair of contract. The is

;

ical

liefje-

State

in a position of inferiority

is

and of vassalage under

a prince; the State bound by contract or treaty is in a condition of perfect independence and equality except as

regards

upon

the

it

in fealty

which the contract imposes For the liege State, therefore, which is held by its lord, everything is done in the name of stipulations

the suzerainty, that suzerainty being the unfailing source its subjection: for the State bound by contract, the

of

name

may be ommitted, the only source dependence being the stipulations of the treaty. This distinction being made, nothing is easier than is

nothing and

of its

to

show that the suzerainty mentioned

tion of 1881

in the Conven-

Vm^ and has nothing do either with vassalage or with the principle of fealty. In his dispatch of March 31st issi Lord Kimberley acknowledged it in these words: "The is

of the mechanical

to

term has been chosen as most conveniently describing superiority over a State, possessing independent rights

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