1955 Geloof en Wetenschap : Orgaan van de Christelijke vereeniging van natuur- en geneeskundigen in Nederland - pagina 91

ERFELIJKE MISVORMING BIJ DE MENS

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which arose from exogenetic causes and were produced in the course of experiments are generally endocopies. Systemics symptomatised b y foreign syndromes point to heredity. Predominantly hereditary morphogenetic disorders may b e harmless in a heterozygous form b u t they usually give rise to serious malformations when they become homozygous. H u m a n monsters belong to the pathology of twins. They occur only in the case of monozygotic twins and specifically those which have been produced by the division at a late stage of a foetus originally single. They are usually monochoriotic and monoamniotic twins (division occurring between the 7th and 14th day). As Strupler already supposed, this process of delayed division does not proceed without leaving ill-effects, but gives rise to abnormalities in the germ, which possesses great plasticity during the early stage, though the cellular material in it is determined to a certain extent. This becoming divided to late is probably rooted in genetic factors characteristic of families in which not only numerous pairs of tvdns occur but also morphologically degenerative traits are found.

LITERATUUR Ahljeld, T. — Beitrage zur Lehre von den Zwillingen. Archiv fur Gynaecologie Bd. 14. 1879. (2) Bruins, J. W. — lets over de genese van menselijke monstra. Voordracht Academisch Centrum Utrecht van de Nederlandse Anthropogenetische Vereniging 1953. (3) Bruins, J. W. — Kinderen van schizophrene ouders. Diss. Utrecht 1943. (4) Diehl, K. und von Verschuer, O. — Zwillungstuberculose. Pp 500, 1933, Jena. (5) Guttmacher en Strassmann, beiden aangehaald uit: Douglas c.s. : Holoacardius, Obstetrics-Gynaecology. Vol. 2, No. 6. Dec. 1953. (6) Hanhart, E. — Ueber heredodegenerativen Zwergwuchs mit Dystrophia adiposogenitalis. Arch. J. Klaus-Stiftung. 1 : 181—257. Fig. 52. 1925. (7) Pasma, T. — De endemische krop en haar gevolgen in de Z.O.hoek van Friesland. Diss. Utrecht 1947. (8) Polman, A. — Anencephaly, Spina bifida and Hydrocephaly. 1949. (9) Scherb — Zur Frage der verschiedenen Erbfaktoren beim angeborenen Klumpfusz. Schw. med. Wschr. S. 998—1001. 1939. (10) Strupler, W. — Diskordante Missbilding bei eineiigen Zwillingen. Archiv der Julius Klaus-Stiftung. Band XXII. Heft 3/4. 1947. (11) Voute, P. A. — De differentiaal diagnostiek van tweelingen. Diss. Utrecht, 1935. (12) Warkany, J. — Etiology of congenital malformations. Adv. in Fed., vol. 2, 1947. (1)

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